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| |
Breastfeeding women (n = 124)
|
NPNB women (n = 124)
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Age (years)
|
Mean ± SD
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31.9 ± 5.0
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31.8 ± 5.3
|
0.784‡
|
|
Range
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20.0 − 44.0
|
19.0 − 45.0
|
|
Height (m)
|
Mean ± SD
|
1.68 ± 0.07
|
1.67 ± 0.07
|
0.663‡
|
|
Range
|
1.52 − 1.86
|
1.52 − 1.82
|
|
Weight (kg)
|
Mean ± SD
|
71.2 ± 14.5
|
68.4 ± 14.9
|
0.064‡
|
|
Range
|
48.0 − 142.0
|
43.0 − 120.0
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
Mean ± SD
|
25.1 ± 4.8
|
24.3 ± 5.0
|
0.053‡
|
|
Range
|
18.2 − 46.4
|
17.0 − 40.8
|
|
Season of blood sampling
|
|
Spring
|
N (%)
|
22 (17.7)
|
22 (17.7)
|
1.000*
|
|
Summer
|
14 (11.3)
|
14 (11.3)
|
|
Autumn
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63 (50.8)
|
63 (50.8)
|
|
Winter
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25 (20.2)
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25 (20.2)
|
|
Skin type
|
|
Light
|
N (%)
|
109 (87.9)
|
112 (90.3)
|
0.292*
|
|
Dark
|
15 (12.1)
|
10 (8.1)
|
|
Recent holidays
|
N (%)
|
5 (4.0)
|
6 (4.8)
|
0.758*
|
|
Smoking
|
N (%)
|
11 (8.9)
|
30 (24.2)
|
0.001*
|
|
Duration of breastfeeding (month)a
|
Mean ± SD
|
3.5 ± 3.2
|
/
|
/
|
|
Range
|
0.5 − 18.0
|
- Autumn, September – November; BMI, body mass index; NPNB, non-pregnant and non-breastfeeding; SD, standard deviation; Spring, March – May; Summer, June – August; Winter, December – February
-
‡Mann-Whitney U-test
- *Chi-square test
-
a
n = 123
