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Table 3 Multivariable adjusted odds ratios for vitamin D deficiency (<25.0 nmol/L) in breastfeeding women

From: Breastfeeding woman are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency than non-breastfeeding women - insights from the German VitaMinFemin study

Determinants N Persons at risk (% of category) P value Odds ratios 95% CI P value
Seasona
 Summer and Autumn 77 15 (19.5) 0.021* 1.0 Ref.  
 Winter and Spring 47 18 (38.3) 2.6 1.1, 6.3 0.029
Regionb,c
 Longitude / / / 0.7 0.6, 0.9 0.004
BMIc,d / / / 1.1 1.0, 1.2 0.060
Stage of lifee
 Breastfeeding women 124 16 (12.9) 0.007* 1.0 Ref.  
 NPNB women 124 33 (26.6) 4.0 1.8, 8.7 0.001
  1. 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; Autumn, September - November; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; NPNB, non-pregnant, non-breastfeeding; Ref., reference category with the lowest assumed prevalence of vitamin D deficiency; Spring, March – May; Summer, June – August; Winter, December – February
  2. *Chi-square test for prevalence differences of 25(OH)D concentrations below 25 nmol/L
  3. aMultiple binary regressions considering the terms region (longitude) and BMI
  4. bMultiple binary regressions considering the terms season and BMI
  5. cOdds ratio for an increase per one unit
  6. dMultiple binary regressions considering the terms season and region (longitude)
  7. eMultiple binary regressions considering the terms season, region (longitude) and BMI
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International Breastfeeding Journal

ISSN: 1746-4358